The QCM Qubit Control Module is specifically engineered to the state-of-the-art to generate pulses inthe baseband regime up to 400 MHz to replace conventional AWGs. At the core of QCM’s technologylies the Q1 advanced sequence processors and a high-end analog front-end to support quantumcomputing experiments. The highest channel density is assured with 4 analog outputs and 4 digitaloutputs per module, to form a massively scalable system by incorporating 80 AWG channels in asingle 19” mainframe.

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The illustration below shows how pulses are generated in real-time by uploading waveforms in 16kwave memory and shaping the outputs by amplitude, offset, modulation frequency, and phase.Pulses can be defined in a 1 ns time grid, and the pulse parameters can be updated on thenanosecond scale. Orders of magnitude speedups are achieved by avoiding software-controlled loopsand repeated wave uploading. The QCM module seamlessly unifies with other modules within theCluster mainframe via our proprietary SYNQ and LINQ protocols. Synchronized start of all channelsare guaranteed below 1 ns accuracy and the fast scalable feedback is achieved within ∼ 350 ns foractive reset and error mitigation algorithms.

The QCM-RF is a 2-channel direct-RF qubit control module for pulse generation within the 2 - 18.5 GHz frequency range. Equipped with six of our Q1 sequence processors and a high-end analog front-end with integrated upconversion, the QCM-RF is the advanced solution for microwave control of qubits with high SFDR, ultralow noise, and great phase stability.

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With 2 analog and 2 digital outputs, the QCM-RF has the highest channel density available on the market for the microwave regime, allowing up to 40 output channels in a single Cluster 19-inch mainframe. Our proprietary SYNQ protocol assures synchronized start of all channels below 1 ns accuracy with picosecond jitter and the LINQ protocol allows receiving triggers from readout modules to generate control pulses within ∼ 350 ns.

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The fully integrated architecture of QCM-RF incorporates 6 cores of Q1 processors to generate high-precision pulses in real-time by using waveforms from 16k wave memory and shaping the outputs by amplitude, offset, modulation frequency, and phase. I and Q pulses are defined in a 1 ns time grid, and the pulse parameters can be updated on the nanosecond scale. The pulses are upconverted to the RF domain via the integrated local oscillator and IQ mixers with ultra-low noise and high stability for microwave control of qubits. Orders of magnitude speed-ups are achieved by avoiding software-controlled loops, repeated wave uploading, and external up-conversion stages.

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QCM-RF is the quintessential RF signal generator to deliver the quality and precision required by ambitious quantum computing experiments for research labs and industry.

The QRM Qubit Readout Module is a massively scalable readout module to bring measurements on various qubit platforms to a new level. It replaces conventional pulse generators, digitizers and readout analyzers by combining 2 inputs and 2 outputs to execute reflectometry, transmission, photon counting, and spectroscopy experiments in a single module.

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Equipped with two analog outputs, two analog inputs, and four digital outputs, the QRM embodies the scalable philosophy of the Qblox Cluster. Its six Q1 sequence processors can be routed to any of the outputs, providing flexible and multiplexed signals to facilitate rapid measurement analysis. 120 processor cores can be integrated in a single 19” mainframe with all-to-all connectivity within ∼350 ns for the distribution of measurement outcomes to open the for quantum error correction algorithms.

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In QRM, the readout pulses are generated on the fly with real-time pulse parametrization, and the input signals are processed onboard to enhance efficiency in spectroscopy, transmission, and reflectometry measurements (see illustration below). Excellent analog performance provides a low input noise floor, a large input range (0.1 to 2 Vpp), and a 1 GSPS sampling rate. All components have been meticulously chosen and designed to ensure an extremely low offset and gain drift (<5 ppm/K).

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Supported by our SYNQ and LINQ protocols, QRM modules are the ideal readout instruments in the baseband regime as multi-purpose measurement equipment for various readout schemes.

The QRM-RF stands as the definitive solution for multi-qubit readout in a wide frequency range of 2 - 18.5 GHz. It integrates inputs and outputs in harmony, supplying all the tools for multiplexed resonator readout, RF-reflectometry, and spectroscopy measurements.

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The QRM-RF merges internal up- and down-conversion stages and Q1 advanced sequence processors to enable direct acquisition and generation of RF signals with a large variable gain and maintaining high SFDR over the full frequency range. On-board data processing capabilities allow complex integration functions, qubit state thresholding, and averaging to further enhance the QRM-RF's efficiency. Feedback applications can be managed by fast scalable feedback in ∼350 ns, facilitated by the LINQ protocol with all-to-all connectivity in the whole Cluster mainframe.

The Qubit Timetag Module (QTM) adds digital signal generation and acquisition to the Cluster in a module optimized for optically addressable qubits. The output facilitates fast and precisely timed TTL signals for direct laser control. While at the input, a configurable analog threshold and windowing with photon counting and timetag functionalities ensure fast and reliable optical readout. The integration of signal generation and acquisition in a single control instrument ensures inherent synchronization, rendering triggers redundant. The module houses eight independent pulse sequence cores, that each are routed to an input/output channel. The flexibility of real-time pulse sequencing allows for conditional feedback based on the measured photon count to coordinate the continuation of the control sequence.